| 学部・大学院区分 | | 開・博前 | | | 時間割コード | | 3062020 | | | 科目区分 | | 専門・プログラム
Program | | | 科目名 【日本語】 | | 途上国政治論 | | | 科目名 【英語】 | | Politics in Developing Countries | | | コースナンバリングコード | | | | | 担当教員 【日本語】 | | 日下 渉 ○ | | | 担当教員 【英語】 | | KUSAKA Wataru ○ | | | 単位数 | | 2 | | | 開講期・開講時間帯 | | 秋 月曜日 ２時限
Fall Mon 2 | | | 授業形態 | |
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| 授業の目的 【日本語】 | | | | | 授業の目的 【英語】 | | This course focuses on contestation over actual social orders and state-society relations while the Justice and Development (spring semester) explores social orders from normative aspects. Characteristics of social order is critically important for the welfare of people since they structure the way scarce resources are distributed and important values are defined. While states are the most powerful actor to determine social orders in many countries, their strength significantly varies. There are diverse concepts about states; “developmental states,” “patrimonial states,” “fragile states,” and even “failed states.” These differences are determined by dynamic state-society relations in which states and various social forces such as local strongmen, businesses, civil society organizations, rebellious and criminal groups, and marginalized people struggle for hegemony and domination. This course aims to explore how various social orders are created, maintained and challenged by such struggle between the state and social forces, and among social forces.
Students develop logical thinking ability to analyze various state-society relations in developing countries. This ability and knowledge is helpful when students and gradutates engage themselves in any kinds of developmental projects since development plans created in offices of states, NGOs, and international organization are invitablly subject to influence and intervention by various actors in the prcess of implementation. Thus, students finishing this course shall be either/both qualified practitioners and reserachers who can bring positive changes to people at the grassroots.
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| | | 到達目標 【日本語】 | | | | | 到達目標 【英語】 | | | | | 授業の内容や構成 | | Structure of the Course / Schedule授業の構成・計画
1. Introduction (Oct. 5)
- The lectuer explains outline of the course and basic background knowledge necessary for the course.
2. State – Society Relations (Oct. 12)
- We disucss following questions.
(a) Why many states in developing countries cannot monopolize social control?
(b) Why so many people prefer social order of social forces to rule of law of the state?
(c) What are differences between the “weak state and strong societies” and “state in society” approach?
(d) Is a strong state desirable for development?
- Migdal, Joel. S. (1988). Introduction and Chapter 1: A Model of State-Society Relations, in Strong Societies and Weak States: State-Society Relations and State Capability in the Third World. Princeton: Princeton University Press, pp.3-41.
- Migdal, Joel. S. (1994) Introduction and Chapter 1: The State in Society: An Approach to Struggles for Domination. In State Power and Social Forces: Domination and Transformation in the Third World, edited by Joel S. Migdal, Atul Kohli, and Vivienne Shue, Cambridge University Press,pp.1-30.
3. Case Studies of States – Society Relations (Oct. 19)
- We disucss following cases studies.
- Boone, Catherine (1994) States and Ruling Classes in Postcolonial Africa: the Enduring Contradictions of Power. In State Power and Social Forces: Domination and Transformation in the Third World edited by Joel S. Migdal, Atul Kohli, and Vivienne Shue, Cambridge University Press.
- Bratton, Michael (1994) Peasant-state Relations in Postcolonial Africa: Patterns of Engagement and Disengagement. In State Power and Social Forces: Domination and Transformation in the Third World edited by Joel S. Migdal, Atul Kohli, and Vivienne Shue, Cambridge University Press.
4. Clientelism, Machine Politics and Corruption (Oct. 26)
- We disucss following questions.
(a) What are advantages and disadvantages of P-C relations for the poor?
(b) What are impacts of P-C relations on a political system?
(c) How and why does P-C relations emerge, change and disappear?
- Scott, James (1969) Corruption, Machine Politics, and Political Change, American Political Science Review, 63(4): 1142-1158.
- Scott, James (1972) Patron-Client Politics and Political Change in Southeast Asia, The American Political Science Review, 66(1): 91-113.
5. State-Business Relations (Nov. 2)
- We disucss following questions.
(a) What is rent seeking?
(b) What are “developmental” relations between a state and businesses?
(c) How can a state maintain its relative autonomy from the businesses?
- Evans, Peter (1995) Chapter 1: States and Industrial Transformation. In Embedded Autonomy: States and Industrial Transformation, Princeton University Press, pp.1-20.
- David Kang (2003) Transaction Costs and Crony Capitalism in East Asia, Comparative Politics, 35 (4): 439-458.
6. Liberal Civil Society (Nov. 9)
- We disucss following questions.
(a) What are functions of civil society?
(b) What are challenges of civil society?
(c) Why do activities of NGOs differ from country to country?
- Diamond, Larry (1999) Chapter 6: Civil Society. In Developing Democracy: Toward Consolidation. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, pp.218-260.
- Silliman, Sidney and Lela Garner Noble (1998) Introduction and Chapter 11: Citizen Movement and Philippine Democracy. In Organizing for Democracy: NGOs, Civil Society, and the Philippine State. Ateneo de Manila University Press.
(*for an extended reading: Sigetomi, Shinichi (2002) The State and NGOs: Perspective from Asia, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.)
7. Critical Civil Society (Nov. 16)
- We disucss following questions.
(a) What are differences between the liberal and critical (Marxist and Gramscian) schools of civil society arguments?
(b) What are their respective analytical strengths and weakness?
- Howell, Jude and; Jenny Pearce (2001) Introduction and Chapter 1: Civil Society and Development: Genealogies of The Conceptual Encounter; Civil Society. In Civil Society & Development: A Critical Exploration. Lynne Rienner Publishers, pp.1-38.
- Schaffer, Frederic Charles (2008) "Civic Educators: Disciplinary Reaction" in The Hidden Costs of Clean Election Reform, Cornell University Press, pp-125-149.
8. Contested Civic Interventions (Nov. 23)
- We disucss following questions.
(a) What are characteristics of “disciplinary power” aiming to subjugate the poor?
(b) How is it possible to negotiate with or reject disciplinary power?
(c) What are continuities and differences between colonialism and contemporary civic politics?
- Kusaka, Wataru (2017) Discipline and Desire: Hansen’s Disease Patients Reclaim Life in Culion, 1900-1930s, Social Science Diliman 13(2): 1-29.
- Koki Seki (2015) “Capitalizing on Desire: Reconfiguring ‘the Social’ and the Government of Poverty in the Philippines. Development and Change 46(6): 1253-1276.
9. Politics of Un-Civil Societies (Nov. 30)
- We disucss following questions.
(a) How is “un-civic” politics different from “civic” politics?
(b) Does “un-civic” politics help the poor or oppress them?
(c) How is it possible or is it desirable to include the poor into “civic politics”?
- Bayat, Asef (1997) Un-civil Society: The Politics of the 'Informal People', Third World Quarterly, 18 (1): 53-72
- Johnson, Hume N. (2005) Incivility: The Politics of ‘People on the Margins’ in Jamaica, Political Studies (53): 579-597.
10. Subaltern Politics (Dec. 7)
- We disucss following questions.
(a) What are characteristics of agency of the poor to negotiate with structure?
(b) What would be social policies that appreciate agency of the poor?
(c) How is it possible for the middle class and the poor to cooperate for political changes despite the difference of ideas?
- Pinches, Michael (1991) The Working Class Experience of Shame, Inequality, and People Power in Tatalon, Manila. In From Marcos to Aquino: Local Perspectives on Political Transition in the Philippines, edited by Benedict J. Kerkvliet; and Resil B. Mojares, University of Hawaii Press, pp.166-186.
- Kusaka, Wataru (2010) Governing Informalities of the Urban Poor: Street Vendors and Social Order Making in Metro Manila. In The Politics of Change in the Philippines, edited by Yuko Kasuya and Nathan Quimpo , Anvil Publisher, pp.362-390.
11. Populism (Dec. 14)
- We disucss following questions.
(a) What are characteristics and definition of populism?
(b) Why is populism on the rise?
(c) What are relationship between democracy and populism?
- Panizza, Francisco (2005) Introduction: Populism and Mirror of Democracy. In Populism and Mirror of Democracy, edited by Francisco Panizza. Verso, pp.1-31.
- Laclau, Ernest (2005) Populism: What’s in a Name? In Populism and Mirror of Democracy, edited by Francisco Panizza. Verso, pp. 32-49.
12. Populism and Violence (Dec. 21)
- We disucss following case studies of populism.
- Kusaka, Wataru (2017) Bandit Grabbed the State: Duterte’s Moral Politics, Philippine Sociological Review 65: 49-75, 2017.
- Curato, Nicole (2017) Politics of Anxiety, Politics of Hope: Penal Populism and Duterte’s Rise to Power, Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs 35(3): 91-109.
13. Anarchism (Jan. 10)
- We disucss following questions.
(a) What are the advantage and disadvantage of “official order” and “vernacular order” to promote welfare of people?
(b) What would be a developmental projects or practices respect vernacular order?
(c) What would be “best mix” of two social orders?
- Scott, James C. (2012) “Introduction, Chapter 1 and Chapter 2” Two Cheers for Anarchism: Six Easy Pieces on Autonomy, Dignity, and Meaningful Work and Play, Princeton University Press.
14. Student’s presention 1(Jan. 17)
- Student are required to present their idea for the term paper. We discuss how students can further develop the idea.
15. Student’s presention 2 (Jan. 24)
- Student are required to present their idea for the term paper. We discuss how students can further develop the idea.
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| | | 履修条件・関連する科目 | | There is no precondition to take this course
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| | | 成績評価の方法と基準 | | a) Attendance and (10%)
b) Participation in Discussion (30%)
- The lecturer provides guiding questions one week before the class. Students have to prepare their answers to these questions and engage in discussion in the class.
c) Presentation of Reading Materials (20%)
- At least one student will be required to have presentation on each reading material in a session. The presentation must not exceed more than 20 minutes. Presenters are expected to share critical remarks on texts after briefly summarizing essences of texts. I evaluate sincere intellectual engagement with texts. Mere summarization will not get high scores.
d) Presentation and Term Paper (40 %)
- Papers which include critical review of related materials, logical arguments with appropriate data, and original findings will get high score. Simple summarization of texts or undemonstrated personal statements must be avoided.
* Credit is given to C- or C (where applicable) or higher grade for each criterion. |
| | | 教科書・参考書 | | Reading materials are provided in the Structure of the Course/ schedule above. Please refer to it.
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| | | 課外学習等（授業時間外学習の指示） | | | | | 注意事項 | | | | | 使用言語 | | | | | 授業開講形態等 | | | | | 遠隔授業（オンデマンド型）で行う場合の追加措置 | | | |
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